Netdiscover
This tool is used to scan a network for live machines.
netdiscover -r 192.168.1.1/24
Nikto
Nikto is a good tool to scan webservers. It is very intrusive.
nikto -host 192.168.1.101
Basic Finger Printing w/ Banner Grabs
nc -v 192.168.1.1 25
telnet 192.168.1.1 25
NC Banner Grab
nc TARGET-IP 80
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: TARGET-IP
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
Referrer: meh-domain
<enter>